Safety Research

Safety Research Papers

37 results found

• Do Autonomous Vehicles Outperform Latest-Generation Human-Driven Vehicles? A Comparison to Waymo's Auto Liability Insurance Claims at 25 Million Miles

  Authors

  Citation:

  Di Lillo, L., Gode, T., Zhou, X., Scanlon, J. M., Chen, R., & Victor, T. (2024). Do Autonomous Vehicles Outperform Latest-Generation Human-Driven Vehicles? A Comparison to Waymo’s Auto Liability Insurance Claims at 25.3M Miles.

  Read more:

  • 博客

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

  下载 PDF

• Baseline vulnerable road user injury risk in multiple U.S. dense-urban driving environments

  Authors

  Citation:

  Campolettano, E. T., Scanlon, J. M., Kadar, I., Lavy, L. L., Moura, D., & Kusano, K. D. (2024). Baseline vulnerable road user injury risk in multiple U.S. dense-urban driving environments. Traffic Injury Prevention, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2024.2364050.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Kinematic characterization of micro-mobility vehicles during evasive maneuvers

  Authors

  Citation:

  Terranova, P., Liu, S.Y., Jain, S., Engstrom, J., Perez, M.A. (2024). Kinematic Characterization of Micro-Mobility Vehicles During Evasive Maneuvers. Journal of Safety Research, 91, 342-353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2024.09.020

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Characterising vulnerable road user evasive manoeuvring in real-world crashes: Injury risk implications

  Authors

  Citation:

  Campolettano, E. T., Scanlon, J. M., Kusano, K. D. (2024). Characterising Vulnerable Road User Evasive Manoeuvring in Real-World Crashes: Injury Risk Implications. In Proceedings of the International Research Consortium on Biomechanics of Injury (IRCOBI) Conference 2024, IRC‐24‐117.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Active inference-based modeling of human driver collision avoidance behavior

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schumann, J. F., Engström, J., O’Kelly, M., Kober, J., and Zgonnikov, A. 2024. Active inference-based modeling of human driver collision avoidance behavior. Poster presented at the 5th International Workshop on Active Inference, 9-11 September 2024 in Oxford, UK.

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

  下载 PDF

• Active inference as a general framework for modeling human driving behavior

  Authors

  Citation:

  Engström, J., O’Kelly, M., Johnson, L., Dinparastdjadid, A., Liu, S-Y and Messias, J., 2024. Active inference as a general framework for modeling human driving behavior. Poster presented at the 5th International Workshop on Active Inference, 9-11 September 2024 in Oxford, UK

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

  下载 PDF

• Representative cyclist collision injury risk distributions for a dense-urban US ODD using naturalistic dash camera data

  Authors

  Citation:

  Campolettano, E. T., Scanlon, J. M., Kusano, K. D. (2024). Representative Cyclist Collision Injury Risk Distributions for a Dense-Urban US ODD Using Naturalistic Dash Camera Data. SAE Technical Paper No. 2024-01-2645. https://doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2645

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Dynamic Benchmarks: Spatial and Temporal Alignment for ADS Performance Evaluation

  Authors

  Citation:

  Chen, Y., Scanlon, J. M., Kusano, K. D., McMurry, T., Victor, T. (2024). Dynamic Benchmarks: Spatial and Temporal Alignment for ADS Performance Evaluation. arXiv preprint arXiv:2410.08903. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.08903

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Comparative safety performance of autonomous and human drivers: A real-world case study of the Waymo One service

  Authors

  Citation:

  Di Lillo, L., Gode, T., Zhou, X., Atzei, M., Chen, R., & Victor, T. (2024). Comparative safety performance of autonomous- and human drivers: A real-world case study of the Waymo Driver. Heliyon, volume 10, issue 14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34379

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Resolving uncertainty on the fly: modeling adaptive driving behavior as active inference

  Authors

  Citation:

  Engström, J., Wei, R., McDonald, A. D., Garcia, A., O’Kelly, M., & Johnson, L. (2024). Resolving uncertainty on the fly: modeling adaptive driving behavior as active inference. Frontiers in Neurorobotics 18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2024.1341750

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Modeling road user response timing in naturalistic traffic conflicts: A surprise-based framework

  Authors

  Citation:

  Engström, J., Liu, S. Y., Dinparastdjadid, A., & Simoiu, C. (2024). Modeling road user response timing in naturalistic traffic conflicts: A surprise-based framework. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 198, 107460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2024.107460

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Comparison of Waymo rider-only crash data to human benchmarks at 7.1 million miles

  Authors

  Citation:

  Kusano, K. D., Scanlon, J. M., Chen, Y. H., McMurry, T. L., Chen, R., Gode, T., & Victor, T. (2024). Comparison of Waymo Rider-only crash data to human benchmarks at 7.1 million miles. Traffic Injury Prevention, 25(sup1), S66–S77. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2024.2380786

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Benchmarks for retrospective automated driving system crash rate analysis using police-reported crash data

  Authors

  Citation:

  Scanlon, J. M., Kusano, K. D., Fraade-Blanar, L. A., McMurry, T. L., Chen, Y. H., & Victor, T. (2024). Benchmarks for Retrospective Automated Driving System Crash Rate Analysis Using Police-Reported Crash Data. Traffic Injury Prevention, 25(sup1), S51–S65. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2024.2380522

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• RAVE checklist: Recommendations for overcoming challenges in retrospective studies of Automated Driving Systems

  Authors

  Citation:

  Scanlon, J. M., Teoh, E. R., Kidd, D. G., Kusano, K. D., Bärgman, J., Chi-Johnston, G., Di Lillo, L., Favaro, F., Flannagan, C., Liers, H., Lin, B., Lindman, M., McLaughlin, S., Perez, M., & Victor, T. (2024). RAVE Checklist: Recommendations for Overcoming Challenges in Retrospective Safety Studies of Automated Driving Systems. Traffic Injury Prevention (In Press).

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Bridging the gap: Mechanistic-based cyclist injury risk curves using two decades of crash data

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schubert, A., Campolettano, E. T., Scanlon, J. M., McMurry, T. L. & Unger, T. (2024). Bridging the gap: Mechanistic-based cyclist injury risk curves using two decades of crash data. Traffic Injury Prevention, 25(sup1), S105–S115. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2024.2400276

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2024,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Passenger and heavy vehicle collisions with pedestrians: Assessment of injury mechanisms and risk

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schubert, A., Babisch, S., Scanlon, J. M., Campolettano, E. T., Roessler, R., Unger, T., McMurry, T. L. (2023). Passenger and heavy vehicle collisions with pedestrians: Assessment of injury mechanisms and risk. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 190, 107139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2023.107139

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Descriptive analysis of cyclist dooring events using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS)

  Authors

  Citation:

  Campolettano, E. T., Scanlon, J. M., Victor, T. (2023). Descriptive Analysis of Cyclist Dooring Events Using Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS). In Proceedings of the International Research Council On Biomechanics of Injury (IRCOBI) Conference 2023, Cambridge, UK. Paper number IRC-23-112.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Representative pedestrian collision injury risk distributions for a dense-urban US ODD using naturalistic dash camera data

  Authors

  Citation:

  Campolettano, E., Scanlon, J. M., Victor, T. (2023). Representative pedestrian collision injury risk distributions for a dense-urban US ODD using naturalistic dash camera data. In Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Yokohama, Japan. Paper number 23-0075.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Measuring surprise in the wild

  Authors

  Citation:

  Dinparastdjadid, A., Supeene, I., & Engström, J. (2023). Measuring surprise in the wild. arXiv preprint arXiv:2305.07733.
  https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2305.07733

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Behavior Reference Models

• Building a credible case for safety: Waymo’s approach for the determination of absence of unreasonable Risk

  Authors

  Citation:

  Favaro, F., Fraade-Blanar, L., Schnelle, S., Victor, T., Peña, M., Engstrom, J., Scanlon, J., Kusano, K., Smith, D. (2023). Building a Credible Case for Safety: Waymo’s Approach for the Determination of Absence of Unreasonable Risk. arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.01917. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.01917

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices

• Interpreting safety outcomes: Waymo’s performance evaluation in the context of a broader determination of safety readiness

  Authors

  Citation:

  Favaro, F.M., Victor, T., Hohnhold, H. and Schnelle, S. (2023). Interpreting Safety Outcomes: Waymo’s Performance Evaluation in the Context of a Broader Determination of Safety Readiness. In 10th International Symposium on Transportation Data and Modelling (ISTDM2023) Ispra, 19-22 June 2023, Duboz, L. and Ciuffo, B. editor(s), Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, 2023. https://doi.org/10.2760/135735.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

  下载 PDF

• Framework for a conflict typology including contributing factors for use In ADS safety evaluation

  Authors

  Citation:

  Kusano, K., Scanlon, J., Brännström, M., Engström, J., Victor, T. (2023). Framework for a conflict typology including causal factors for use in ADS safety evaluation. In Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Yokohama, Japan. Paper number 23-0328-O.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Prospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Challenges for the evaluation of automated driving systems using current ADAS and active safety test track protocols

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schnelle, S., Kusano, K., Favaro, F., Sier, G., Victor, T. (2023). Challenges for the evaluation of automated driving systems using current ADAS and active safety test track protocols. In Proceedings of the 27th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV), Yokohama, Japan. Paper number 23-0329-O.

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Prospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• ADS standardization landscape: Making sense of its status and of the associated research questions

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schnelle, S., & Favaro, F. (2023). ADS standardization landscape: Making sense of its status and of the associated research questions. arXiv preprint arXiv:2306.17682. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.17682

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices

• Safety performance of the waymo rider-only automated driving system at one million miles

  Authors

  Citation:

  Victor, T., Kusano, K., Gode, T., Chen, R., & Schwall, M. (2023). Safety Performance of the Waymo Rider-Only Automated Driving System at One Million Miles.

  Read more:

  • 博客

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact

  下载 PDF

• World model learning from demonstrations with active inference: Application to driving behavior

  Authors

  Citation:

  Wei, R., Garcia, A., McDonald, A., Markkula, G., Engstrom, J., Supeene, I., O’Kelly, M. (2022). World Model Learning from Demonstrations with Active Inference: Application to Driving Behavior. In: Buckley, C.L., et al. Active Inference. IWAI 2022. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1721. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28719-0_9

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• An active inference model of car following: Advantages and applications

  Authors

  Citation:

  Wei, R., McDonald, A.D., Garcia, A., Markkula, G., Engstrom, J., O’Kelly, M. (2023). An active inference model of car following: Advantages and applications. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.15201. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2303.15201

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • 2023

• Determination of functional scenarios for intersection collisions

  Authors

  Citation:

  Bangert, L. G., Lubash, T., Scanlon, J. M., Kusano, K. D., & Riexinger, L. E. (2023). Determination of functional scenarios for intersection collisions. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 193, 107326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2023.107326

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2023,
  • Prospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Waymo's fatigue risk management framework: prevention, monitoring, and mitigation of fatigue-induced risks while testing automated driving systems

  Authors

  Citation:

  Favaro, F., Hutchings, K., Nemec, P., Cavalcante, L., Victor, T. (2022). Waymo’s fatigue risk management framework: prevention, monitoring, and mitigation of fatigue-induced risks while testing automated driving systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.12833. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.12833

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2022,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices

• Methodology for determining maximum injury potential for automated driving system evaluation

  Authors

  Citation:

  Kusano, K., & Victor, T. (2022). Methodology for determining maximum injury potential for automated driving system evaluation. Traffic Injury Prevention, 23(sup1), S224–S227. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2022.2125231

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2022,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Collision avoidance testing of the Waymo automated driving system

  Authors

  Citation:

  Kusano, K., Beatty, K., Schnelle, S., Favaro, F., Crary, C., & Victor, T. 2022. Collision avoidance testing of the Waymo automated driving system. arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.08148. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.08148

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2022,
  • Behavior Reference Models,
  • Prospective Safety Impact

• Collision avoidance effectiveness of an automated driving system using a human driver behavior reference model in reconstructed fatal collisions

  Authors

  Citation:

  Scanlon, J.M., Kusano, K.D., Engström, J., Victor, T (2022). Collision avoidance effectiveness of an automated driving system using a human driver behavior reference model in reconstructed fatal collisions.

  Read more:

  • 博客

  Filters:

  • 2022,
  • Prospective Safety Impact

  下载 PDF

• An omni-directional model of injury risk in planar crashes with application for autonomous vehicles

  Authors

  Citation:

  McMurry, T. L., Cormier, J. M., Daniel, T., Scanlon, J. M., & Crandall, J. R. (2021). An omni-directional model of injury risk in planar crashes with application for autonomous vehicles. Traffic Injury Prevention, 22(sup1), S122–S127. https://doi.org/10.1080/15389588.2021.1955108

  Read more:

  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2021,
  • Injury Risk Estimation,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Waymo simulated driving behavior in reconstructed fatal crashes within an autonomous vehicle operating domain

  Authors

  Citation:

  Scanlon, J.M., Kusano, K.D., Daniel, T., Alderson, C., Ogle, A., Victor, T. (2021). Waymo simulated driving behavior in reconstructed fatal crashes within an autonomous vehicle operating domain. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 163, 106454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2021.106454

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2021,
  • Prospective Safety Impact,
  • Peer-reviewed Research

• Waymo safety report

  Authors

  Citation:

  Waymo. (2021). Waymo Safety Report.

  Filters:

  • 2021,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices

  下载 PDF

• Waymo public road safety performance data

  Authors

  Citation:

  Schwall, M., Daniel, T., Victor, T., Favaro, F., Hohnhold, H. (2020). Waymo public road safety performance data. arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.00038. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv:2011.00038

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2020,
  • Retrospective Safety Impact

• Waymo's safety methodologies and safety readiness determinations

  Authors

  Citation:

  Webb, N., Smith, D., Ludwick, C., Victor, T., Hommes, Q., Favaro, F., Ivanov, G., Daniel, T. (2020). Waymo’s safety methodologies and safety readiness determinations. arXiv preprint arXiv:2011.00054. https://doi.org/10.48550/2011.00054

  Read more:

  • 博客,
  • Publication

  Filters:

  • 2020,
  • Holistic Publications and Best Practices